16. Menene matsi raɓa?
Amsa: Bayan damshin iska ya danne, yawan tururin ruwa yana karuwa kuma zafin jiki shima yana tashi.Lokacin da aka sanyaya iska mai matsewa, yanayin zafi zai karu.Lokacin da zafin jiki ya ci gaba da raguwa zuwa 100% zafi dangi, ɗigon ruwa za a haɗe daga iska mai matsewa.Zazzabi a wannan lokacin shine "matsalar raɓa" na iska mai matsa lamba.
17. Menene dangantakar dake tsakanin matsi da raɓa ta al'ada?
Amsa: Matsakaicin ma'amala tsakanin ma'aunin raɓa na matsin lamba da ma'aunin raɓa na yau da kullun yana da alaƙa da ma'aunin matsawa.Karkashin matsi na raɓa iri ɗaya, mafi girman rabon matsawa, ƙananan madaidaicin matsi na raɓa na al'ada.Misali: lokacin da raɓa na matsa lamba na iska na 0.7MPa ya kasance 2 ° C, yana daidai da -23 ° C a matsa lamba na al'ada.Lokacin da matsa lamba ya karu zuwa 1.0MPa, kuma matsi guda ɗaya shine 2 ° C, daidaitaccen matsi na raɓa na al'ada ya ragu zuwa -28 ° C.
18. Waɗanne kayan aiki ne ake amfani da su don auna raɓa na matsewar iska?
Amsa: Ko da yake sashin matsi na raɓa shine Celsius (°C), ma'anarsa shine abun cikin ruwa na matsewar iska.Don haka, auna raɓa a haƙiƙanin auna abin da ke cikin iska ne.Akwai kayan aiki da yawa don auna ma'aunin raɓa na iska mai matsewa, kamar "kayan aikin raɓa na madubi" tare da nitrogen, ether, da sauransu a matsayin tushen sanyi, "electrolytic hygrometer" tare da phosphoric pentoxide, lithium chloride, da dai sauransu a matsayin electrolyte, da dai sauransu. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da mitoci na musamman na raɓa a cikin masana'antar don auna ma'aunin raɓa na iska mai matsewa, kamar mitar raɓa ta SHAW ta Burtaniya, wacce za ta iya auna har zuwa -80 ° C.
19. Menene ya kamata a kula da shi lokacin auna ma'aunin raɓa na iska mai matsewa tare da mitar raɓa?
Amsa: Yi amfani da mitar raɓa don auna ma'aunin raɓa, musamman idan ruwan da ke cikin iskar da aka auna ya yi ƙasa sosai, aikin dole ne ya kasance mai hankali da haƙuri.Kayan aikin samfurin gas da haɗin bututun dole ne su bushe (aƙalla bushewa fiye da gas ɗin da za a auna), haɗin bututun ya kamata a rufe gaba ɗaya, za a zaɓi ƙimar iskar gas bisa ga ƙa'idodi, kuma ana buƙatar isasshen lokacin pretreatment.Idan kun yi hankali, za a sami manyan kurakurai.Ayyuka sun tabbatar da cewa lokacin da "mai nazarin danshi" ta amfani da phosphorus pentoxide kamar yadda ake amfani da electrolyte don auna ma'aunin raɓa na iska mai matsa lamba wanda aka yi da bushewa mai sanyi, kuskuren yana da girma sosai.Wannan ya faru ne saboda electrolysis na biyu da iska mai matsewa ke samarwa yayin gwajin, wanda hakan ya sa karatun ya fi yadda yake a zahiri.Don haka, bai kamata a yi amfani da irin wannan nau'in kayan aiki ba yayin auna ma'aunin raɓa na iskar da aka matse da na'urar bushewa mai sanyi.
20. A ina ya kamata a auna matsi na raɓar iska a cikin na'urar bushewa?
Amsa: Yi amfani da mitar raɓa don auna matsi na raɓar iska mai matsa lamba.Ya kamata a sanya wurin samfurin a cikin bututun mai na bushewa, kuma samfurin gas ɗin bai kamata ya ƙunshi ɗigon ruwa na ruwa ba.Akwai kurakurai a cikin wuraren raɓa da aka auna a wasu wuraren samfur.
21. Shin za a iya amfani da zafin jiki na evaporation maimakon matsi na raɓa?
Amsa: A cikin na'urar bushewa mai sanyi, ba za a iya amfani da karatun zafin ƙanƙara ba (matsi na ƙawantaccen iska) don maye gurbin matsi na raɓa na iska mai matsewa.Wannan shi ne saboda a cikin evaporator tare da iyakacin yanayin musayar zafi, akwai bambancin zafin da ba a kula da shi ba tsakanin iska da aka matsa da kuma yawan zafin jiki na refrigerant yayin tsarin musayar zafi (wani lokaci har zuwa 4 ~ 6 ° C);yanayin zafin da ake iya sanyaya iskar da aka matse a koyaushe yana sama da na refrigerant.Zazzabi mai zafi yana da girma.Rarraba yadda ya dace na "gas-water separator" tsakanin evaporator da pre-sanyi ba zai iya zama 100%.Za a sami wani ɓangare na ɗigon ruwa mara kyau wanda ba zai ƙare ba wanda zai shiga cikin pre-sanyi tare da kwararar iska kuma "na biyu ƙafe" a can.An rage shi zuwa tururin ruwa, wanda ke ƙara yawan ruwa na iska mai matsa lamba kuma yana tayar da raɓa.Saboda haka, a cikin wannan yanayin, auna yawan zafin jiki na refrigerant ko da yaushe yana ƙasa da ainihin matsi na raɓar iska.
22. A waɗanne yanayi ne za a iya amfani da hanyar auna zafin jiki maimakon matsi na raɓa?
Amsa: Matakan yin samfur na lokaci-lokaci da auna ma'aunin raɓar iska tare da mitar raɓa ta SHAW a wuraren masana'antu suna da wahala sosai, kuma sakamakon gwajin yakan shafi sakamakon gwajin da bai cika ba.Sabili da haka, a lokutan da buƙatun ba su da ƙarfi sosai, ana amfani da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio sau da yawa don kimanta matsi na raɓar iska.
Tushen ka'idar don auna ma'aunin raɓa na iska mai matsa lamba tare da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio shine: idan matsewar iskar da ta shiga precooler ta hanyar mai raba ruwan iskar gas bayan an tilasta masa yin sanyi ta hanyar evaporator, ruwan da ke ɗauke da shi ya rabu gaba ɗaya. mai raba ruwan iskar gas, to a wannan lokacin Matsakaicin zafin iskar da aka auna shine matsi na raɓa.Ko da yake a gaskiya ingancin rabuwa na iskar gas-water separator ba zai iya kai 100% ba, amma a karkashin yanayin da ruwa mai sanyi na pre-cooler da evaporator yana da kyau fitarwa, ruwan da ke shiga cikin gas-water separator yana buƙatar. cirewa ta hanyar mai raba ruwan iskar gas kawai yana lissafin ƙaramin juzu'i na jimillar ƙarar magudanar ruwa.Saboda haka, kuskuren auna ma'aunin raɓa ta wannan hanya ba ta da girma sosai.
Lokacin amfani da wannan hanyar don auna ma'aunin raɓa na iska mai matsa lamba, yakamata a zaɓi wurin auna zafin jiki a ƙarshen injin busar sanyi ko a cikin mai raba ruwan iskar gas, saboda zafin iskar da aka matsa shine mafi ƙanƙanta a. wannan batu.
23. Menene hanyoyin bushewar iska da aka matsa?
Amsa: Matsakaicin iska na iya cire tururin ruwa a cikinsa ta hanyar matsawa, sanyaya, tallatawa da sauran hanyoyin, kuma ana iya cire ruwan ruwa ta hanyar dumama, tacewa, rabuwar injina da sauran hanyoyin.
Na'urar bushewa da aka sanyaya itace na'urar da ke sanyaya matsewar iska don cire tururin ruwan da ke cikinta da samun busasshiyar matsewar iska.Na'urar sanyaya na baya na damfarar iska shima yana amfani da sanyaya don cire tururin ruwan dake cikinsa.Masu busassun adsorption suna amfani da ƙa'idar adsorption don cire tururin ruwa da ke cikin iska mai matsewa.
24. Menene matsewar iska?Menene halaye?
Amsa: Iska yana damtsewa.Iskar da ke bayan injin kwampresowar iska yana yin aikin injina don rage girmansa da kuma kara karfinsa ana kiransa da matsa lamba.
Matsewar iska shine muhimmin tushen iko.Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin samar da makamashi, yana da halaye masu zuwa: bayyananne da bayyane, mai sauƙi don jigilar kaya, babu kaddarorin masu cutarwa na musamman, kuma babu gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska ko ƙarancin ƙazanta, ƙananan zafin jiki, babu haɗarin wuta, ba tsoron ɗaukar nauyi, mai iya yin aiki da yawa. yanayi mara kyau, mai sauƙin samu, mara iyaka.
25. Waɗanne ƙazanta ne ke ƙunshe a cikin matsewar iska?
Amsa: Iskar da aka danne da ake fitarwa daga na'urar kwampreso ta iska ta ƙunshi ƙazanta masu yawa: ①Ruwa, gami da hazo na ruwa, tururin ruwa, ruwa mai kauri;② Mai, gami da tabon mai, tururin mai;③Daskararru iri-iri, kamar tsatsa, foda na karfe, Fine na roba, barbashi kwalta, kayan tacewa, tarar kayan rufewa, da sauransu, baya ga nau'ikan warin sinadarai masu cutarwa.
26. Menene tsarin tushen iska?Wadanne sassa ya kunsa?
Amsa: Tsarin da ya ƙunshi kayan aiki da ke samarwa, sarrafawa da adana matsewar iska ana kiransa tsarin tushen iska.Tsarin tushen iska na yau da kullun ya ƙunshi sassa masu zuwa: injin damfara, mai sanyaya baya, Tace (ciki har da masu tacewa, masu raba ruwan mai, matattarar bututun mai, matattarar cire mai, tacewa deodorization, matattarar haifuwa, da sauransu), daidaitawar matsa lamba. tankunan ajiyar iskar gas, bushewa (mai firiji ko adsorption) , Magudanar ruwa ta atomatik da magudanar ruwa, bututun gas, sassan bututun bututu, kayan aiki, da dai sauransu An haɗa kayan aikin da ke sama a cikin cikakken tsarin tushen iskar gas bisa ga bukatun daban-daban na tsari.
27. Menene haɗarin ƙazanta a cikin matsewar iska?
Amsa: Fitar da iskar da aka matse daga na’urar kwampreso ta na dauke da datti mai cutarwa, babban najasa shi ne tarkace, danshi da mai a cikin iska.
Man mai mai mai turɓaya za ta samar da acid na halitta don lalata kayan aiki, gurɓataccen roba, robobi, da kayan rufewa, toshe ƙananan ramuka, haifar da bawul ɗin bawul, da ƙazanta samfuran.
Cikakkun damshin da ke cikin iska mai matsewa zai taru cikin ruwa a wasu yanayi kuma ya taru a wasu sassan tsarin.Wadannan danshi yana da tasiri mai tsatsa a kan sassan da bututun mai, yana haifar da sassa masu motsi don makale ko sawa, haifar da abubuwan pneumatic don rashin aiki da zubar da iska;a cikin yankuna masu sanyi, daskarewar danshi zai sa bututun ya daskare ko fashe.
Rashin ƙazanta irin su ƙura a cikin iska mai matsewa zai sa yanayin motsi na dangi a cikin silinda, motar iska da bawul mai jujjuyawar iska, rage rayuwar sabis na tsarin.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-17-2023
